Naturalization marks the path for individuals born outside the United States to become citizens of the United States. United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) facilitates this process by granting lawful permanent residency. To embark on this journey, individuals must fulfill the conditions set forth in the Immigration and Nationality Act, established by Congress.

As one of the significant decisions for immigrants, attaining citizenship offers various pathways depending on individual circumstances. Naturalization, defined by the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), is the process through which lawful permanent residents become U.S. citizens.

Understanding the Naturalization Process in Ten Steps

Before initiating the naturalization process, it’s imperative to ensure eligibility by reviewing all standards and seeking any necessary exceptions or modifications.

Step 1. Determine Citizenship Status:

Ascertain whether you already hold U.S. citizenship by birth or through parental lineage. If not, proceed to the next step.

Step 2. Check Eligibility:

Review the naturalization eligibility worksheet to evaluate eligibility for naturalization.

Step 3. Prepare Form N-400:

Complete Form N-400, Application for Naturalization, available online. Follow the instructions provided and gather necessary documents to demonstrate eligibility. Ensure you have two passport-style photos if residing outside the United States.

Step 4. Submit Form N-400 and Pay Fees:

Submit Form N-400 online and pay associated fees. USCIS will provide a receipt notice, allowing you to track processing times and case status.

Step 5: Attend Biometrics Appointment (if required):

If biometrics are necessary, USCIS will schedule an appointment, providing details of the time, date, and location. Attend the appointment as scheduled.

Step 6: Complete the Interview:

USCIS will schedule an interview to finalize the naturalization process. Attend in person at the designated USCIS office and bring the appointment notice.

Step 7. Await USCIS Decision:

Receive a decision notice from USCIS regarding your Form N-400. This could be approval, continuance, or denial.

Step 8. Receive Notice for Oath of Allegiance:

If approved, USCIS will schedule a naturalization ceremony. Attend the ceremony to take the Oath of Allegiance.

Step 9. Take Oath of Allegiance:

Complete Form N-445, Notice of Naturalization Oath Ceremony, and attend the naturalization ceremony. Surrender your Permanent Resident Card and take the Oath of Allegiance.

Step 10. Embrace U.S. Citizenship:

Once you’ve taken the Oath of Allegiance, you become a U.S. citizen. Embrace your rights and responsibilities as a citizen of the United States.